तिब्बत - क्षेपक

पहले के भाग:

तिब्बत- चीखते अक्षर : अपनी बात

तिब्बत- चीखते अक्षर : प्राक्कथन

____________________________

अब आगे यह क्षेपक जिसे पोस्ट करना मुझे ज़रूरी लगा : 

उतर गया उफक से सूरज उफ उफ करते

उमसा दिन बीता बाँचते चीखते अक्षर

लिखूँ क्या इस शाम को नज़्म कोई

जो दे दिल को सुकूँ और समा को आराम

चलता रहेगा खुदी का खुदमुख्तार चक्कर

चढ़े कभी उतरे, अजीयत धिक चीख धिक।

सोचता रह गया कि उट्ठे गुनाह आली

रंग चमके बहसें हुईं बजी ताली पर ताली

पकने लगे तन्दूर-ए-जश्न दिलों के मुर्ग

मुझे बदबू लगे उन्हें खुशबू हवाली

धुयें निकलते हैं सुनहरी चिमनियों से

फुँक रहे मसवरे, प्रार्थनायें और सदायें। 

कालिखों की राह में दौड़ते नूर के टुकड़े

बहसियाने रंग बिरंगे चमकते बुझते

उनके साथ हूँ जो रुके टिमटिमाते सुनते

चिल्ल पों में फुसफुसाते आगे सरकते

गोया कि हैं अभिशप्त पीछे छूटने को

इनका काम बस आह भरना औ' सरकना।

करूँ क्या जो नाकाफी बस अच्छे काम

करूँ क्या जो दिखती है रंगों में कालिख

करूँ क्या जो लगते हैं फलसफे नालिश -

बुतों, बुतशिकन, साकार, निराकार से

करूँ क्या जो नज़र जाती है रह रह भीतर -

मसाइल हैं बाहरी और सुलहें अन्दरूनी

करूँ क्या जो ख्वाहिशें जुम्बिशें अग़लात?

करूँ क्या कि उनके पास हैं सजायें- 

उन ग़ुनाहों की जो न हुये, न किये गये 

करूँ क्या जो लिख जाते हैं इलजाम- 

इसके पहले कि आब-ए-चश्म सूखें 

करूँ क्या जो खोयें शब्द चीखें अर्थ अपना

मेरी जुबाँ से बस उनके कान तक जाने में? 

करूँ क्या कि आशिक बदल देते हैं रोजनामचा- 

भूलता जाता हूँ रोज मैं नाम अपना।

 (गिरिजेश राव)

  

(शब्दार्थ: उफक - क्षितिज; समा - समय; अजीयत - यंत्रणा; आली - भव्य, सखी; बुतशिकन - मूर्तिभंजक; अग़लात - ग़लतियाँ; आब-ए-चश्म - आँसू) 

तिब्बत में माओवादी कम्युनिस्टों की हरकतें देख ऐसा लगता है जैसे वे कह रहे हों: 

तुम्हारे हर उस  काम के लिये जो कि हमारे अनुकूल नहीं है, हमारे पास एक गरिष्ठ 'गाली' है। 
हम तुम्हें इतना कोसेंगे कि तुम अपनी ही आत्मा से डरने लगोगे। 
हम जो कहते हैं बस वही सच है, बाकी सब झूठ है। 
हमें झुठलाओगे तो हम तुम्हारी आत्मा और देह दोनों को मार देंगे।

तिब्बत आधारित लेखों को पढ़ने के बाद 27 अप्रैल को किसी ने मेल भेजा। अंग्रेजी की उस मेल का मुख्य अंश ज्यों का त्यों प्रस्तुत है। सरल अंग्रेजी है, आप लोग समझ जायेंगे। बस एक टर्म को समझा देता हूँ (इससे यह भी पता चलेगा कि 'गरिष्ठ बातों' और 'क्रांतिदर्शना शब्दावली' के पीछे सच किस तरह छिपाया जाता है और उसकी ऐसी तैसी कैसे की जाती है)।

Patriotic–re-education (राष्ट्रवादी पुनर्शिक्षण): (अनुवाद में हुई किसी चूक के लिये कम्युनिस्ट और राष्ट्रवादी जन क्षमा करें और अपने हिसाब से जो सही लगे, समझ लें। सरल शब्दों में इसे ब्रेन वाशिंग भी कहा जा सकता है।) 

तिब्बत में आयोजित राष्ट्रवादी पुनर्शिक्षण बौद्ध मठों पर केन्द्रित एक अभियान है जो चीन की सरकार द्वारा चलाया जा रहा है। इसका उद्देश्य तिब्बती आस्था के मूल तत्वों में बदलाव है। सामान्यत: इसे 'अपने धर्म से प्यार करो, अपने देश से प्यार करो' द्वारा सन्दर्भित किया जाता रहा है लेकिन हाल ही में इसे 'विधिक शिक्षा' के रूप में री-ब्रांड किया गया है। इस अनिवार्य कार्यक्रम में, तिब्बती बौद्ध अपने आध्यात्मिक गुरु दलाई लामा को त्याग कर चीन और कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी में अपनी आस्था और जुड़ाव जताने के लिये बाध्य किये जाते हैं। यह कुकर्म उनकी आस्था और श्रद्धा (कम्युनिस्टों के लिये बुर्जुआ सामंती अवधारणायें) के विरुद्ध है और उनके लिये अत्यंत पीड़ादायी है। जो इन अभियानों का साथ नहीं देते उन्हें बर्बर यातना और पिटाई झेलनी पड़ती है। अगर वे भिक्षु/भिक्षुणी हुये तो उन्हें मठों से बाहर निकाल कर बन्धक बना लिया जाता है या जेल में सड़ने के लिये छोड़ दिया जाता है। 

यह धूर्त अभियान आस्था और विश्वास की स्वतंत्रता, विवेक और धार्मिक आस्था के अधिकारों के विरुद्ध है। यह क्रूर, अमानवीय और अपमानी अभियान निष्ठा और गरिमामय जीवन के मौलिक मानवीय अधिकारों का खुल्लमखुल्ला उल्लंघन है।    

अब उस मेल के अंश जो तिब्बत के कृति मठ में जारी राष्ट्रवादी पुनर्शिक्षण अभियान की प्रक्रिया का 16 मार्च 2011 से 22 अप्रैल 2011 तक के समय का नंगा सच बताते हैं (अभियान अभी भी जारी है)।

As of present, Tibetans are still languishing under the dire state of Chinese brutality and forceful occupation. More than five decades had passed, but still the Tibetans in Tibet are suffering tremendously with the deprivation of fundamental human rights. Since March, Tibetans in Ngaba, Amdo, eastern part of Tibet and the monks of Kriti Monastery are facing a strict crackdown with the detention of around 300 monks and the killing of 2 Tibetans. Large contingent of Chinese armed personals have condoned the areas to limit the movement and also to crush the freedom struggle of Tibetan people. 

For more information, here is the chronology of the events which is taking place since March 2011.

Time-line of recent events in Ngaba:

March 16, 2011

•    20-year old Phuntsok Jarutsang's self-immolation sparks a major protest by monks and lay people in Ngaba, marking 3 years since Chinese security forces opened fire on a group of peaceful protesters, killing at least 10 people.

March 17, 2011

•    Phuntsok died at approximately 3am local time in Ngaba

•    Hunger strike staged by Upper Middle School students

March 19, 2011

•    Security intensified in-and-around Ngaba

March 20, 2011

•    Security Intensified in- and-around Ngaba

•    Monk officials at Kirti Monastery community leaders in-and-around Ngaba County were instructed to make sure no Tibetans in the region celebrated the March 20th, 2011 Tibetan Elections-in-Exile by lighting fireworks, burning incense, or throwing of windhorse prayer flags in the air.

March 21, 2011

•    Patriotic re-education campaign launched at Kirti Monastery, Ngaba.

March 22, 2011

•    Four Tibetans detained over suspicion of their involvement in Phuntsok’s protest including: 
Phuntsok’s brother Lobsang Tseten, 19, a monk from Kirti Monastery; Phuntsok’s maternal uncle Lobsang;
Tsundue Samdrup, a monk from Kirti monastery belonging to division 2 of Me’uruma township;
Lobsang Jamyang, 16, was arrested from his home in Upper Tawa, Ngaba County between 12 and 1 am.

March 23, 2011

•    Kirti Monks ordered by Chinese officials to improve their awareness of Chinese law and regulations.

•    Monks were issued copies of three handbooks 1) on the constitution of the P.R.C., 2) on the law concerning (respect for) the PRC flag and 3) PRC regulations on the mediation of public disputes.

March 24, 2011

•    Several Tibetans arrested in-and-around Ngaba including:
- Police took Lobsang Choemphel, 24, monk from Kirti Monastery away from the monastery compound. The reason for his arrest and other details are unknown.
- Lobsang Ngodup, 32, a monk at Kirti Monastery's Tantric College from upper Chukle in Cha Township, Ngaba County was arrested. The reason for his arrest is unknown.
•    Local authorities called public meetings in upper Tawa and Gapma villages in Ngaba County, and instructed people to report for security duty at Kirti monastery in order to prevent further protests by the monks. Anyone failing to do so would be fined 30 yuan per day of non-attendance.

March 25, 2011

•    Further Arrests: Lobsang Tsepak, 27, a Kirti monk and student at Beijing Minorities University was arrested around 6pm. Reasons for arrest and other details are unknown.

April 1, 2011
•    Security crackdown intensifies: Large numbers of Chinese armed troops sent to reinforce the blockade surrounding Kirti Monastery. The troops entered the compound and prevented the monks from moving freely, including a 70 years old monk. It is now feared that if this blockade continues, the monks will face problems obtaining daily essentials.

April 8, 2011

•    Crackdown at Kirti Monastery continues. Lobsang Gelek (MONK?), approximately 27 years old, a native of Meu Ruma was arrested; reason for arrest unknown.

April 11, 2011

•    Further Arrests at the Kirti Monastery: Lobsang Dhargyal, 31, was arrested from the Monastery; again reasons for unrest unknown.

April 12, 2011

•    Tibetans fearing Chinese authorities were planning to storm Kirti Monastery and forcibly remove all monks between the ages 18 and 40 into local prisons where they would be subjected to repressive “political reeducation", blockaded the inner entrance to the monastery. Armed police and soldiers tried to break through the crowd by beating the Tibetans and setting police dogs on them.

April 13, 2011

•    The stand-off continues with hundreds of lay-people remaining on duty at the entrance of the monastery. Monks were ordered not to leave the monastery premise until government officials completed the “patriotic reeducation” campaign.


April 14, 2011

•    A meeting was held with senior monks from Kirti Monastery and representatives of Beijing’s United Front Work Department. The monks raised grave concern over the closing of the monastic school but the United Front Work Department ministers failed to respond.

April 15, 2011

•    Police restrictions of any form of gathering or expression of protest were reinforced in Ngaba County and particularly at the Kirti Monastery.

•    Arrests at Kirti Monastery were made but names of those arrested could not be confirmed.

•    The “patriotic reeducation”campaign in Kirti Monastery was made mandatory for government staff and school children to attend. Government officials from nearby Zogye County were also forced to join the “patriotic reeducation” sessions at Kirti Monastery.


April 16, 2011

•    The intensive “patriotic reeducation” campaign continues as security forces threaten monks that failure to comply will result in closure of the monastery.

April 17, 2011

•    China’s “patriotic reeducation” campaign continues at Kirti Monastery.

•    Students at Ngaba’s Upper Middle School were restricted from leaving the premise. The students had staged a hunger strike on March 17 to show solidarity with Phuntsok’s self-immolation.

•    A large number of army arrived in nomadic areas of Meu Ruma, Upper and Lower Chukley, Raru, Naktsangma and Chashang. Nomads were summoned to Raru Ghar and forced to sign a an order that was not translated or explained to them.

April 18, 2011

•    China’s “patriotic reeducation” campaign continues at Kirti Monastery.

•    Military and police officials search conduct house-to-house raids in Jeleb Division, Ngaba County.

 April 19, 2011

•    During the “patriotic reeducation” sessions, a high-ranked Chinese official threatened the monks, saying that if the they did not behave, he had the power and ability to destroy their very way of life.

•    In the evening, groups of around 10 security forces, including police, army and government officials patrolled the monastery, interrogating the monks. Several monks were severely beaten for not responding correctly.

•    A number of neighbouring monasteries were also warned and their monks’ movements restricted.

•    Around 200 lay people, mostly those between 60- 70 years of age continued their sit-in outside Kirti Monastery to prevent security forces from forcibly removing monks from the monastery.

 April 20, 2011

•    Around 800 Chinese government officials from neighboring provinces arrived at the monastery to forcibly quell unrest and opposition.

•    Officials, armed forces and police entered each monastic quarter, 10 officials at a time. Monks who did not comply with their forced questioning were severely beaten and tortured; including being tied to a tree for many hours.

•    At the same time, officials staged propaganda news broadcasts at the monastery to cover up the crackdown. 



April 21, 2011

•    All telephone networks were shutdown.

•    Between 9pm – 4am Chinese military, police and members of the People’s Armed Police, arrested more than 300 monks from the Kirti Monastery.

•    Around 200 lay people – many of them over 60-years old – tried to stop the armed forces and the police from arresting the monks. The protesters were severely beaten and two people unjustly killed.

•    The unjustly killed were 60-year old Donko of Upper Tawa and 65-year old Sherkyi of the Rako Tsang house in Naktsangma.

•    An unknown number of people were also taken away in military trucks to camps in undisclosed locations. 



April 22, 2011

•    All vehicles – except military and police vehicles were restricted from coming in on the main road. market Most lay people arrested the previous night were released around 9am. The younger prisoners, however, remained in custody.

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वर्तमान व्यवस्था के मोहभंगी कुहासे में अपने ही घर फूँकने वाली माओवादी मशालों को हम क्रांति की वाहक न समझें तो ही भला।                                      (अगला भाग)